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Recommend/convert to use case-sensitive collation for MySQL/MSSQL (#28662)

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Mainly for MySQL/MSSQL.

It is important for Gitea to use case-sensitive database charset
collation. If the database is using a case-insensitive collation, Gitea
will show startup error/warning messages, and show the errors/warnings
on the admin panel's Self-Check page.

Make `gitea doctor convert` work for MySQL to convert the collations of
database & tables & columns.

* Fix #28131

## ⚠️ BREAKING ⚠️

It is not quite breaking, but it's highly recommended to convert the
database&table&column to a consistent and case-sensitive collation.
This commit is contained in:
wxiaoguang
2024-01-10 19:03:23 +08:00
committed by GitHub
parent a80debc208
commit 2df7563f31
21 changed files with 439 additions and 186 deletions
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docs/content/help/faq.en-us.md
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@@ -371,24 +371,6 @@ If you are receiving an error line containing `Error 1071: Specified key was too
then you are attempting to run Gitea on tables which use the ISAM engine. While this may have worked by chance in previous versions of Gitea, it has never been officially supported and
you must use InnoDB. You should run `ALTER TABLE table_name ENGINE=InnoDB;` for each table in the database.
If you are using MySQL 5, another possible fix is
```mysql
SET GLOBAL innodb_file_format=Barracuda;
SET GLOBAL innodb_file_per_table=1;
SET GLOBAL innodb_large_prefix=1;
```
## Why Are Emoji Broken On MySQL
Unfortunately MySQL's `utf8` charset does not completely allow all possible UTF-8 characters, in particular Emoji.
They created a new charset and collation called `utf8mb4` that allows for emoji to be stored but tables which use
the `utf8` charset, and connections which use the `utf8` charset will not use this.
Please run `gitea doctor convert`, or run `ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;`
for the database_name and run `ALTER TABLE table_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;`
for each table in the database.
## Why are Emoji displaying only as placeholders or in monochrome
Gitea requires the system or browser to have one of the supported Emoji fonts installed, which are Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol, Noto Color Emoji and Twemoji Mozilla. Generally, the operating system should already provide one of these fonts, but especially on Linux, it may be necessary to install them manually.