Add Docker /v2/_catalog endpoint (#20469)

* Added properties for packages.
* Fixed authenticate header format.
* Added _catalog endpoint.
* Check owner visibility.
* Extracted condition.
* Added test for _catalog.

Co-authored-by: 6543 <6543@obermui.de>
Co-authored-by: Lunny Xiao <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>
Co-authored-by: wxiaoguang <wxiaoguang@gmail.com>

modules/packages/container/metadata.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
+	PropertyRepository        = "container.repository"
 	PropertyDigest            = "container.digest"
 	PropertyMediaType         = "container.mediatype"
 	PropertyManifestTagged    = "container.manifest.tagged"